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Arquitectura de la cuidad / Architecture of the city León en la actualidad / Leon at the present time
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CUIDAD DE LEÓN Fundación, la Colonia / Foundation, the Colony La primera presencia española armada en el territorio de la futura Alcaldía mayor de León data del 2 de febrero de 1530, en que Nuño de Guzmán y sus aliados tarascos vadearon el Lerma por Conguripo, llamándolo río "de Nuestra Señora". Su colonización agrícola y ganadera se inició a partir del año 1546, con estancias concedidas por el Gobernador de Nueva Galicia, Vázquez de Coronado a los españoles Rodrigo de Vázquez y Juan de Jasso. Los chichimecas al verse invadidos mantuvieron un estado de guerra contra los españoles. Éstos, ante esta situación, solicitaron a las autoridades virreinales la fundación de un poblado mayor para tener una mejor protección. Es así como Juan Bautista de Orozco fundó la villa de León el 20 de enero de 1576, realizando el trazo de la misma e instalando su primer ayuntamiento, cumplimentando la orden del Virrey Martín Enríquez de Almanza del día 12 de diciembre de 1575, que en el Valle de Nuestra Señora se fundara, con el nombre de León, lugar de origen del Virrey, un asentamiento. A los indígenas se les agrupó en dos comunidades cercanas a la entonces villa, otomíes en la de San Miguel, purépechas, mexicas y chichimecas pacíficos en la del Coecillo. Las que con el tiempo llegaron a ser reconocidos como pueblos. the first Spanish presence armed in the territory of the future greater Mayorship of Leon dates from 2 from February of 1530, in that tarascos Nuño de Guzmán and its allies overcame the Lerma by Conguripo, calling it river "of Our Lady". Its agricultural and cattle colonization began as of the year 1546, with stays granted by the Governor of the New Galicia, Vázquez de Coronado to the Spaniards Rodrigo de Vázquez and Juan de Jasso. Chichimecas when seeing itself invaded maintained a state military against the Spaniards. These, before this situation, asked for to the virreinales authorities the foundation of a greater town to have one better protection. He is as well as Juan Baptist of Orozco founded the villa of Leon the 20 of January of 1576, making the outline of the same one and installing his first city council, complimenting the order of the Virrey Martín Enríquez de Almanza of day 12 of December of 1575, that in the Valley of Our Lady was based, with the name of Leon, place of origin of the Virrey, an establishment. To the natives he grouped himself to them in two communities near the then villa, otomíes in the one of San Miguel, purépechas, pacific mexicas and chichimecas in the one of the Coecillo. Those that with time arrived to be recognized like towns.
Arquitectura de la cuidad / Architecture of the city La ciudad de León se caracteriza por sus tintes neoclásicos y barrocos que se mezclan con el arte europeo y greco romano del centro de la ciudad que aunado al estilo de las construcciones contemporáneas le dan a León un sabor muy particular. Actualmente León es un destino ideal para realizar convenciones debido a su ubicación y a las instalaciones y servicios que ofrece para este sector, además cuenta con actividades para todo tipo de público. Su historia se remonta a tiempos prehispánicos, los sitios arqueológicos de Alfaro e Ibarrilla cercanos a la ciudad de León, revelan que los asentamientos más antiguos de esta zona, datan del horizonte Preclásico. Este territorio fue fundado el 20 de enero de 1576 con el nombre de Villa de León, por orden del Virrey Don Martín Enríquez de Almanza, con el propósito de crear una barrera de defensa contra los ataques de los chichimecas. En 1580 fue elevada a la categoría de Alcaldía Mayor, separándola de Guanajuato y tuvo jurisdicción en el actual municipio de León. En junio de 1830 se elevó al rango de ciudad con el nombre oficial de León de los Aldama. Durante el proceso del movimiento de Independencia, sufrió en el aspecto económico, social y político. Al abandonarse las minas de Guanajuato con motivo de la guerra, muchos trabajadores se establecieron en León. La agricultura fue la principal actividad económica hasta el siglo XVIII, cuando la artesanía y la fabricación de calzado empezaron a competir con ella. Los años de la post-revolución fueron de prosperidad y progreso material, así como de crecimiento demográfico. El desarrollo económico quedó de manifiesto en la extraordinaria exposición industrial, agrícola y ganadera de 1923. The city of Leon characterizes by its neoclassic and baroque dyes that are mixed with the European art and greco Roman of downtown that combined in the style of the contemporary constructions give to Leon a very particular flavor him. At the moment Leon is an ideal destiny to make conventions due to its location and to the facilities and services that offer for this sector, in addition counts on activities for all type of public. Its history goes back to pre-Hispanic times, the archaeological sites of Alfaro and Ibarrilla near the city of Leon, reveals that the oldest establishments of this zone, date from the Preclásico horizon. This territory was founded the 20 of January of 1576 with the name of Villa of Leon, by order of the Virrey Don Martín Enríquez de Almanza, in order to create a barrier of defense against the attacks of chichimecas. In 1580 it was elevated to the category of Greater Mayorship, separating it of Guanajuato and had jurisdiction in the present municipality of Leon. In June of 1830 one rose to the rank of city with the official name of Leon of the Aldama. During the process of the movement of Independence, it suffered in the economic, social and political aspect. When give iing the mines of Guanajuato in the occasion of the war, many workers settled down in Leon. Agriculture was the main economic activity until century XVIII, when the crafts and the manufacture of footwear began to compete with her. The years of the post-revolution were of prosperity and material progress, as well as of population increase. The economic development was of manifesto in the extraordinary industrial, agricultural and cattle exhibition of 1923. Presidencia Municipal / Municipal presidency
León en la actualidad / Leon at the present time Actualmente en sus calles contrastan los añejos edificios de la época colonial con la moderna arquitectura y amplias avenidas que configuran la imagen de una ciudad en continuo progreso. La ciudad de León es conocida como la capital mundial del calzado debido a que aquí se encuentran concentradas un gran número de fábricas que producen zapatos y artículos de piel de excelente calidad cuya fama ha rebasado las fronteras del país. León cuenta con modernas carreteras y un aeropuerto internacional que lo comunica fácilmente con las principales ciudades del país y del extranjero;cuenta también con el Poliforum León, que es el recinto mas moderno del país para organizar congresos y exposiciones,con instalaciones de primer nivel. Estos elementos han impulsado el turismo de negocios y convenciones, garantizando un soporte profesional en servicios y tecnología. La ciudad de León se encuentra cerca de 6 estados de la república que representan un mercado potencial cercano a los 30 millones de personas aproximadamente. At the moment in its streets they resist the aged buildings of the colonial time with the modern architecture and ample avenues that form the image of a city in continuous progress. The city of Leon is well-known like the world-wide capital of the footwear because here they are concentrated a great number of factories that produce shoes and articles of skin of excellent quality whose fame has exceeded the borders of the country. Leon counts on modern highways and airport international that easily communicates it with the main cities of the country and extranjero;cuenta also with the Poliforum Leon, that is the modern enclosure but of the country to organize congresses and exhibitions, with facilities of first level. These elements have impelled the tourism of businesses and conventions, guaranteeing a professional support in services and technology. The city of Leon is near 6 states of the republic that approximately represent a potential market near the 30 million people. Arco de la calzada / Arc of the road
En 1822, la villa de León adoptó como escudo los símbolos de aquel entonces: el Ojo de Agua del ahora Parque Hidalgo, el baluarte virreinal de la ciudad, la loma de la Soledad y el puente del Coecillo. El escudo actual es de forma española acuartelado en cruz que muestra dos baluartes, un león rampante, un panal y, el símbolo original y patrono de la ciudad, la imagen de San Sebastián.El león es símbolo de soberanía, los baluartes fortaleza, y el panal, la laboriosidad de sus habitantes. El lema del escudo LABOR OMNIA VINCIT significa en latín: "El Trabajo todo lo vence". In 1822, the villa of Leon adopted like shield the symbols of that then: the Water Eye of now the Hidalgo Park, the virreinal bastion of the city, the hill of the Solitude and the bridge of the Coecillo. The present shield is of quartered Spanish cross form that shows two bastions, a rampante lion, a honeycomb and, the original symbol and patrono of the city, the image of San Sebastián. The lion is sovereignty symbol, the bastions strength, and the honeycomb, the laboriosidad of its inhabitants. The motto of the shield LABOR OMNIA VINCIT means in Latin: "the Work all overcomes it".
La ciudad de León, Guanajuato, cabecera municipal, está situada a los 101º 41' 00" de longitud oeste del meridiano de Greenwich y a los 21º 07' 22" Latitud Norte y a 1,798 m sobre el nivel del mar. El área del territorio municipal comprende 1,183.20 km² , equivalentes al 3.87% de la superficie total del estado de Guanajuato. El municipio tiene límites con los siguientes municipios: al Norte con el municipio de San Felipe; al Este con los de Guanajuato y Silao; al Sur con los de Silao, Romita, y San Francisco del Rincón y; al Oeste con el de Purísima y los municipios de Lagos de Moreno y La Unión de San Antonio del Estado de Jalisco. The city of Leon, Guanajuato, municipal head, is situated to the 101º 41' 00" of western length of the meridian of Greenwich and to the 21º 07' 22" North Latitude and to 1,798 m above sea level. The area of the municipal territory understands 1,183.20 km², equivalent al 3.87% of the total surface of the state of Guanajuato. The municipality has limits with the following municipalities: al North with the municipality of San Felipe; al This with those of Guanajuato and Silao; al South with those of Silao, Romita, and San Francisco of the Corner and; al Western with that of Purísima and the municipalities of Lakes of Dark-haired and The Union of San Antonio of the State of Jalisco.
El clima es
mexicano de altura con temperatura media promedio de 18.4 C, mínima de
13.8 C, y máxima de 23.4 C. Las primaveras son soleadas y calurosas con
poca humedad. Verano agradable con lluvias usualmente por las tardes.
Otoño soleado con temperatura agradable y algunas lluvias los primeros
días de diciembre. Inviernos frescos con vientos fuertes en febrero y
marzo. The climate is Mexican of height with average temperature average of 18.4 C, minimum of 13.8 C, and maximum of 23.4 C. The springs are sunny and warm with little humidity. Pleasant summer with rains usually in the afternoons. Sunny autumn with pleasant temperature and some rains the first days of December. Fresh winters with strong winds in February and March. The coldest days are those of ends of January and principles of February. The season of rains coincides with the season of cyclones in the Gulf of Mexico. This is, of the month from May to October. The month of July is that of greater rain haste. On the average, in the municipal head they are registered 600 mm of rain al year. In the mountain zone they are registered to 700 mm, and the south part on the average 500 mm. In spring is used light clothes, in summer is recommendable to bring an umbrella, in the late of autumn a sweater and, in winter a jacket or jacket. Historically they have been registered snowed in the city, the days December 13, 1997 , and February 7, 1881 (light) and, between the days 4 and February 5, 1886 (regular intensity). In the mountain part of the municipality, besides, had a snowed light February 20, 1978 . The greater haste in 24 hours: 81 mm in July 1884 and, 63.3 mm June 18, 1888 , date of the great flood.
· ALIMENTOS.-
La población acostumbra las carnitas de cerdo estilo Jalisco (rojas),
birria, menudo, chicharrones duros y de lonja, pan de maíz, pambazos,
rosquillas, gorditas de horno, gordas de elote, enchiladas, atoles, los
encurtidos, frutas en vinagre de piña y manzana, y el mole rojo al estilo
muy propio de la región, el cual es reservado para las comidas de fiesta.
GOLOSINAS.- Se consumen principalmente los dulces de elaboración familiar, como las frutas cubiertas, las cocadas, las conservas, las jaleas, las buñuelos, el camote cocido y, el arroz con leche. Y, no olvidamos, las "chivitas" o palomitas de maíz con mantequilla. Y, cada vez son mas raros los vendedores, que anuncian con gritos la venta de sus Productos: !Raíz!: Camote achicalado en miel de piloncillo, y las "!Gelatinas!" en sus vistosas portaviandas de cristal. · PAN DE DULCE.- Los panes tradicionales llevan los sugestivos nombres de: elotes, chamucos, novias, pelonas, conchas, amores de granillo, chorreadas, sevillanas, roscas de canela y de vapor, cuernos, bolas y cajas de manteca, calzones, ladrillos, cáscaras, y pellizcos. Y, ¡qué decir de las puchas (rosquillas glaseadas de pan elaborado con carbonato) que tradicionalmente acompañan los helados!· ANTOJITOS.- Las "Guacamayas" - torta o emparedado de duro de puerco con salsa -, "los Caldos de Oso" y las "Bombas" - Pedazos de jícama y queso fresco en jugo enchilado de limón y vinagre -, Las "Chalupas" - Pepino con cebolla, queso y vinagre -, los Tacos de chorizo, pastor y de "bistec". BEBIDAS.- La bebida tradicional es la Cebadina, agua fresca de cebada a la cual se le agrega bicarbonato de sodio al momento de consumirla. FOOD.- The population is accustomed the carnitas of hog style Jalisco (red), rubbish, small, chicharrones hard and of shop, bread of corn, pambazos, doughnuts, pudgy of oven, fat of corn on the cob, enchiladas, atoles, the encurtidos, fruits in vinegar of pineapple and apple, and the red mass al very own style of the region, which is reserved for the foods of festival. The day of All the Saints and of dead persons, the cold cuts: fruit in vinegar with stuffed of hog and of course, the very from leon dessert, the guayabate or candy of guava with purple sweet potato. DELICACIES.- the candies of family elaboration are consumed mainly, like the fruits you covered, the cocadas, the preserves, the jellies, the buns, the sweet potato stew and, the rice with milk. And, we do not forget, the "chivitas" or palomitas of corn with butter. And, each time they are but rarely the salespersons, that announce with shouts the sale of their Products:! Root! : sweet potato achicalado in honey of piloncillo, and the "! Gelatins!" in their bright portaviandas of crystal. · BREAD OF CANDY.- The traditional loaves of bread carry the alluring names of: corns on the cobs, chamucos, girlfriends, pelonas, seashells, loves of granillo, spouted, Sevillian, threads of cinnamon and of vapor, horns, balls and boxes of fat, trousers, bricks, shells, and pinches. And, ¡what to say of the puchas (elaborate bread glazes doughnuts with carbonate) that traditionally accompany the ice creams!· ANTOJITOS.- The "Loudmouths" - torta or emparedado of hard of pig with sauce -, "the Broths of Bear" and the "Bombs" - Pieces of jícama and fresh cheese in juice enchilado of lemon and vinegar -, The "Boats" - Cucumber with onion, cheese and vinegar -, the Plugs of sausage, shepherd and of "steak". BEVERAGES.- The traditional beverage is the Cebadina, fresh water of barley to which him is added bicarbonate of sodium al moment to consume it.
"guacamayas" "nieves" "caldo de oso" LA 'TOTA' En Inglaterra ’66 se convirtió en el primer jugador en el mundo en participar en cinco copas del mundo. Hablar
de Antonio Carbajal, es hablar de uno de los 10 mejores jugadores de
futbol que ha tenido México a lo largo de casi 100 años de
historia.Antonio nació en la capital de la República en 1929. Muy joven, a
los 13 años, ya practicaba el balompié de segunda fuerza y de ahí saltó a
la categoría juvenil del club España. In England 66 convirtio in the first player in the world in participating in five glasses of the world. To speak of Antonio Carbajal, is to speak of one of the 10 better players of futbol than it has had Mexico throughout almost 100 years of history. Antonio was born in the capital of the Republic in 1929. Very young, to the 13 years, already the soccer football of second force practiced and of it jumped there to the youthful category of the Spain club. Acting in the preliminary parties of the first division, Carbajal demonstrated its qualities and was summoned to comprise of the selection amateur who participated in the Olympic Match of soccer of London in 1948, although did not play. To its return "albinegro" was incorporated in the first equipment and soon it made debut replacing Sanjenís. With the Spain club it militated two seasons until the disappearance of the equipment and in 1950 it signed with the FC Leon of the state of Guanajuato where it crystallized its greater successes and in fact, it made its life where it is until the present time. Thanks to their virtues like agile and barring doorman, were incorporated to the Mexican selection that attended the world-wide one of 1950donde was appropriated the frame of the Tricolor equipment by space of 16 years, until its retirement in the glass of the 1966 world, celebrated in England. Carbajal has been object of innumerable recognitions as much at national level as international. Indeed England ' 66 one became the first player in the world in participating in five glasses of the world, one of his motes. Underneath his sweater it always used by another one of green color that to the passage of time became old and that in a tumult misled, which considers its greater loss. The "Tota", played during 17 years in first division, retired to the 37 and just a short time later the race of trainer, always motivador began and successful. Their knowledge were scattered by the Leon clubs, Union of Tanners, Athletes Campesinos and Morelia. It obtained two ascents and his Maxima frustration it is not to have given a title to him to the canaries of the state of Michoacán. Also by some times she was aid in the national selection to train the doormen. Today their hands do not reflect the true battles that lived, same that is exposed to the handling of the glass, their office that always wanted to exert from young person and that at the present time, takes care of with pleasing without showing nostalgia by those triunfalistas days that took it of the capital and until Leon, accompanied by interminable caravans of people who paid tribute to him to one of the greater ídolos of the Mexican sport.
Entrevista con Antonio "Tota" Carvajal 12/08/05
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